Chitinases



Chitinases cleave the beta-1-4-glycosidic bond between the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units of which chitin is comprised. Chitinases are present in plants, bacteria and fungi. The first chitinase structures were solved in 1994, from a bacterium (1ctn) and a plant (2hvm). A mechanism for chitin cleavage was proposed based on several structures and was later confirmed. The images at the left and at the right correspond to one representative Chitinase, i.e. the crystal structure of Chitinase I from Serratia marcescens (1edq).

Chitinase I
3aro, 3b8s – VhChi residues 22-597 – Vibrio harveyi

3b9e - VhChi residues 22-597 (mutant)

1k85 – BcChi fibronectin domain – Bacillus circulans – NMR

1itx - BcChi catalytic domain

1ed7 – BcChi chitin-binding domain - NMR

1ll6, 1ll7 - CiChi residues 36-427 (mutant) – Coccicioides immitis

1d2k - CiChi residues 36-427

3n11 – BcChi – Bacillus cereus

3iwr, 2dkv – Chi residues 33-340 – Japanese rice

1edq, 1ctn - SmChi – Serratia marcescens

1x6l, 1rd6 – SmChi (mutant)

3g6l - BoChi residues 21-426 – Bionectria ochroleuca

Chitinase I binary complex
3arp, 3arq, 3arr, 3ars, 3art, 3aru, 3arv, 3arw, 3arx, 3ary, 3arz – VhChi residues 22-597 + inhibitor

3as0, 3as1, 3as2, 3as3 – VhChi residues 22-597 (mutant) + inhibitor

3b9a, 3b9d - VhChi residues 22-597 + polysaccharide

2xvn, 2xuc – AfChi residues 29-307 + inhibitor – Aspergillus fumigatus

3n13, 3n15, 3n17, 3n18 – BcChi (mutant) + NAG

3n12 – BcChi + Zn

3n1a - BcChi (mutant) + inhibitor

1x6n - SmChi (mutant) + inhibitor

1ffq - SmChi + inhibitor

1nh6, 1k9t, 1ffr, 1eib, 1ehn - SmChi (mutant) + polysaccharide

2wk2, 2wly, 2wlz, 2wm0 – SmChi residues 2-520 + inhibitor

3g6m - BoChi residues 21-426 + caffeine

1waw, 1wb0 – hChi + polypeptide – human

1hkk, 1hkm – hChi + inhibitor

1ll4 - CiChi residues 36-427 + inhibitor

Chitinase II
1e15 - SmChi

1ogb, 1goi, 1e6p - SmChi (mutant)

1kfw – Chi catalytic domain – Arthrobacter

1dxj – Chi – Jack bean

Chitinase II binary complex
1ogg, 1ur9 - SmChi (mutant) + inhibitor

1e6n - SmChi (mutant) + polysaccharide

1ur8, 1gpf, 1e6r - SmChi + inhibitor

1e6z – SmChi + intermediate

2a3a, 2a3b, 2a3c, 2a3e – AfChi + inhibitor

1w1p, 1w1t, 1w1v, 1w1y, 1o6i, 1h0g, 1h0i – SmChi + polypeptide

Chitinase III
2dbt, 2wvu – SgChi residues 30-294 – Streptomyces griseus

1wvv - SgChi residues 30-294 (mutant)

2d49 – SgChi chitin-binding domain - NMR

Chitinase IV
3hbd, 3hbe, 3hbh - Chi catalytic domain – Norway spruce

Chitinase V
3alf – tChi residues 26-377 – tobacco

Chitinase V binary complex
3alg - tChi residues 26-377 (mutant) + NAG

3chc, 3chd, 3che, 3chf - AfChi + polypeptide

3ch9, 2iuz – AfChi + inhibitor

Chitinase VIII
2cjl - Chi residues 41-244 – Streptomyces coelicolor

Chitinase
1wno, 1w9p - AfChi

2dsk - PfChi catalytic domain – Pyrococcus furiosus

3afb - PfChi catalytic domain (mutant)

1cns – Chi – Hordeum vulgare

2czn - PfChi chitin-binding domain – NMR

2cwr - PfChi chitin-binding domain

3ian – Chi (mutant) – Lactococcus lactis

3fxy - hChi catalytic domain

1lq0 - hChi residues 22-286

1guv - hChi residues 22-387

3fnd, 3co4 – Chi – Bacteroides thetaiotamicron

3cql – Chi – Carica papaya

2z37 - BjChi catalytic domain – Brassica juncea

2z39 – BjChi catalytic domain (mutant)

2uy2 – yChi residues 22-315 – yeast

Chitinase binary complex
3a4w, 3a4x – PfChi catalytic domain (mutant) + NAG

1lg1 - hChi residues 22-387 + chitobiose

1lg2 - hChi residues 22-387 + ethylene glycol

3fy1 - hChi catalytic domain + inhibitor

1hki, 1hkj - hChi + inhibitor

2z38 - BjChi catalytic domain + Cl

2uy3, 2uy4, 2uy5 - yChi residues 22-315 + inhibitor

1w9v, 1w9u - AfChi + polypeptide